First US-Built Steam Locomotive in Service

On June 21, 1831, the Best Friend of Charleston, the first steam locomotive constructed entirely in the United States for commercial revenue service, entered operation on the South Carolina Canal and Rail Road Company. Built by the West Point Foundry in New York, this 0-4-0 locomotive hauled passengers and freight between Charleston and Hamburg, South Carolina, marking a pivotal moment in American railroading. Engineer Nicholas Darrell operated the engine, overcoming early skepticism about steam power. Its success spurred rapid expansion of the Southern rail network and demonstrated the viability of domestic locomotive manufacturing, reducing reliance on British imports. The locomotive's boiler explosion the following year highlighted safety challenges but did not halt progress.