First Narrow-Gauge Line in Japan Opens

July 11, 1873 marked the start of scheduled operations on Japan's first railway between Shimbashi in Tokyo and Yokohama. British engineer Edmund Morel oversaw construction of the 3 ft 6 in gauge line, with locomotives supplied by the Vulcan Foundry. The 18-mile route carried both passengers and freight, symbolizing the Meiji Restoration's rapid modernization. Emperor Meiji rode the inaugural train, underscoring its national importance. The success of this line led to swift expansion of the Japanese rail network and established the 3 ft 6 in gauge as standard for decades.