Paris Métro Line 3 Opens to Public

On August 10, 1903, Paris Métro Line 3 opened between Villiers and Père Lachaise, adding vital east-west capacity to the growing subway system designed by Fulgence Bienvenüe. Powered by third-rail electric traction with Sprague-Thomson trains, it overcame urban tunneling challenges beneath historic streets. The line boosted daily commutes for workers and connected key districts, reducing street congestion. Its success influenced global metro designs and remains integral to Paris transport today, exemplifying early 20th-century urban rail innovation.